Method of and apparatus for generating motive power.



' Nb. 634,l55. Patented Oct. 3 1899.

G; M. WESTMAN. METHOD 'OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MOTIVE P DWER.

(Applicstiqnflled June 20, 1896. Renewed Jan. 23, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheats8heet l.

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Patented Oct. 3,1899. G. STMAN.

METHOD OF AND APPABA R NG IIIOTIVE POWER, (Application filed June 896. 23, 1899.) (No Model.) 3

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.a. M. WESTMAN. METHOD OF AND APPARATUS FOR GENERATING MUTl-VE POWER.

(Application filed June 20, 1896. Renewed Jan. 28, 1899.)

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WITNESSES NrrnD STATES PATE T GUSTAF M. WESTMAN, on NEW YORK, N. Y.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 634,155, dated October 3, 1899. Application filed June 20,1896. Reneweddanuary 28,1899. Serial No. 703,202. No model-J To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GUSTAF M. WEsTMAN, a subject of the King of Sweden and Norway, residing in New York city, in the county and State of New York, have invented a new and Improved Apparatus for Generating Motive Power, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

The object of the invention is to provide a new and improved apparatus for generating motive power in a very simple and economical manner. Heat is applied during expansion of the gaseous fluid that drives the motor, so as to obtain a superior result.

The construction and operation of the apparatus or motor are as hereinafter described.

Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in which similar characters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Figure l is a sectional side elevation of the improved apparatus on the line .1 1 of Fig. 3. Fig. 2 is a rear sectional side elevation of the same on the line 2 2 of Fig. 3. Fig. 3 is a plan view of the same. Fig. 4 is a sectional plan View of the motor, and Fig. 5 is a sectional side elevation of the same.

The improved apparatus is provided with a motor A in the form of a steam or gas-turbine, such as shown and described in the application for Letters Patent of the United States, Serial No. 587,840, filed by me April 16, 1896.

The motor A (see Figs. 2, 4, and 5) is provided with a stationary disk A, the lower portion of which is fitted loosely into a correspondingly-shaped recess formed in the top of the turbine wheel A disposed horizontally and inclosed with the said disk within a casing A In the stationary disk A are arranged a series of radially-disposed passages A terminating at their inner ends in a central opening connected with the supplypipe B, attached to the top of the disk A and through which passes the gaseous fluid under pressure to and through the said passages A Each of the latter terminates in a series of channels A standing at angles to the passages A and discharging the fluid at their outer ends into the. inner ends of the buckets A 0f.the turbine wheel A The buckets A are preferably curved, as

indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 4, with the inner ends larger than the outer contracted approximately tangentially to the periphery of the wheel A. On the top of the stationary disk A is arranged a steam-coil A made of pipe square in cross-section and with the runs Figs. 4 and 5, the said coil extending directly over the channels A so as to impart heat to the gaseous fluid during its travel through the said channels and while the fluid is in .tual expansion and before rendering work.

It is to be understood that when a fluid is expanded it cools rapidly, and in order to retain at least the same temperature of the exis the object of the heater over the channels A, so that the expanded fluid does not cool below the initial temperature it had on entering the motor. The fluid thus expanded Withbuckets A to act thereon so as to rotate the wheel A The exhaust from the buckets passes into the casing A and from the latter into the exhaust-pipe O. The rotary motion Wheels to the main shaft D, which in turn is geared with a shaft D for driving other ma chinery.

The exhaust-pipe C is connected with the the said compressor F is set in motion.

The motive agent is compressed in the intake low-pressure cylinder E and discharged to the compressing high-pressure cylinder E,

which the compressed fluid is stored.- The reservoir I is connected by a pipe J with a heater K of any approved construction and connected with the inlet-pipe B of the motor the usual water-jackets. The intercooler G is formed in the usual manner with pipes, through which circulates water.

L (see Fig. 2) is a coiled pipe arranged in ends, which latter discharge the motive agent closely fitted together, as plainly shown in 6o the free expanding statethat is, during acpanded fluid as that it had before expansion out loss of heat passes into and through the given to the wheel A is transmitted by intake-cylinder E of a compressor F of any 8 motor A, so that when the latter is actuated connected at its outlet H with a reservoir I, in

A. The cylinders E and E are provided with I oo the shell or casing of heater K and designed for passage of steam.

Now it will be seen that when the apparatus is in motion the motor A drives the compressor F, so that the exhaust from the motor A is compressed and highly heated in the intake-cylinder E and then passed through the intercooler G to the compressing-cylinder E, less in size than the intake-cylinder E, so that higher compression takes place, and this highly-compressed fluid is stored in the reservoir I. The fluid passing from the reservoir I through the pipe J into the heater K is heated therein by means of a steam-coil L and again serves as the motive agent for driving the motor A. Thus the fluid employed is used over and over again by regenerating it, and part of the developed force is used for driving the air-compressor and the remainder is available for other purposes.

It is understood that the compression of the fluid can he made in two or more steps, and the fluid is cooled between the steps, but always stored in the reservoir before a heating, during free or initial expansion, takes place.

On account of the great velocity of the free expansion fluid it is desirable that the fluid during the free expansion period should pass through long channels having small crosssection, and the heat used during the travel of the fluid in the long channels permits the expansion of the fluid without changing the latters tempcrature,so that the entire amount of the heat is transformed into and used as energy in the form of velocity. If the heat should increase the temperature of the fluid at full expansion to a point higher than the initial temperature, then this heat only delivers work in the usual way. It will also be seen that by my arrangement and combination of parts heat of a low temperature can be used, so that the running expenses are comparativelylight. In order to run the apparatus very economically and with as small velocity as possible in the fluid, it is desirable to employ heavy gases as the motive agent.

By the use of such gases I obtain a higher ratio between the living force and the work of compression.

It is to be understood that free expansion of the fluid begins with the inlet-pipe B and ends at the entrance of the buckets of wheel A; also, that the channels A are so proportioned to the passage that leads to them as to permit full expansion to take place in them until the fluid passes into the buckets.

Free expansion is the condition of the fluid in which it can expand to the surrounding pressure without doing any Work or putting other bodies in motion. In such condition the velocity of the fluid is increased; but when putting other bodies in motion the fluid necessarily loses velocity proportionate to that acquired by the body set in motion, and consequently the fluid loses power or ability to expand and its temperature cannot sink so low as it would have done it no body had been put in motion.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent 1. The combination of a source of gaseous motor fluid under pressure and an impact motor-wheel, means for permitting free expansion of the motor fluid before reaching the motor-wheel, and means for heating said fluid during said expansion.

2. An apparatus of the class described, provided with a motor having a stationary disk formed with a series of passages, each terminating in a series of channels, to permit the gaseous fluid to'pass through the passages and channels and expand freely in the latter, a heater connected with the said disk to heat the said fluid during the expansion period, and a turbine wheel having buckets into which discharge the said channels, substantially as shown and described.

GUSTAF M. IVESTMAN.

Witnesses:

THEo. G. IIOSTER, J NO. M. BITTER. 

